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Quadriplegic Cerebral Palsy - Cerebral Palsy Affecting all the Four LimbsQuadriplegic cerebral palsy or quadriplegia is a type of cerebral palsy in which all four limbs are affected. Quadriplegia is usually accompanied by more severe symptoms of nerve damage interfering with normal muscle movement than the other types of cerebral palsy. The term "pentaplegia" or "full body involvement" is used in cases where the head and neck of the patient are also affected. Patients with pentaplegia may have additional complications and eating and breathing can also be affected by the
inability of muscles to work together in the normal patterns or rhythms of tightening and relaxing.
Quadriplegia and mental retardation:
Patients with quadriplegia have a higher incidence of mental retardation. It is important to have the child evaluated by a professional because what may seem like mental retardation may be the child having difficulty in communicating because of disabilities although having normal intelligence.
Classification on the degree of disability:
There are different kinds of quadriplegia varying in severity of disability of the patients. Patients with moderate quadriplegia can sit well and may also be able to walk for a short distance using a walker. They can lift themselves into a wheelchair or assist in the transfer and may have sufficient hand control to eat by themselves. Patients with severe quadriplegia will not be able to walk even with a walker or other aid, cannot move independently into a wheelchair, will have difficulty sitting, and usually are not capable of eating on their own. Since a patient with quadriplegia may have difficulty while eating, nutrition is very important to ensure proper growth of tissue throughout the body so that the brain gets what it needs for growth and development.
Infants who have certain kinds of problems at early stages in life are at a higher risk for eventually being diagnosed with severe spastic quadriplegia. As a result of drug use or complications during the mother's pregnancy, the infant's delivery or the early development of the infant, muscular problems due to brain damage may arise later. The complications may include premature delivery, low birth weight, bleeding in the brain, severe asphyxiation or lack of oxygen in the brain, removal of fluid from the lungs or severe meningitis. Not all children who survive these complications are later diagnosed with cerebral palsy, but children who do have severe spastic cerebral palsy often have had a history that includes these risk factors.
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